相互信任是中英合作的基礎——欣克利角考驗中英互信

MutualTrust Is the Foundation of China-UK Cooperation – Hinkley Point Is a Test ofMutual Trust between China and Britain

2016年8月9日，英國主流大報《金融時報》紙質版和網(wǎng)絡版以及中文網(wǎng)同時刊登駐英國大使劉曉明題為《相互信任是中英合作的基礎——欣克利角考驗中英互信》的署名文章，全文如下：

On 9 August, the Financial Times and its websitepublished a signed article by Ambassador Liu Xiaoming entitled “Mutual trust isthe foundation of China-UK cooperation – Hinkley Point is a test of mutualtrust between China and Britain”. The full text is as follows:

近來，在英國政府宣布將對英格蘭西南部新建核電站項目重新進行評估之后，欣克利角核電項目再次被媒體炒得沸沸揚揚。我想談談我的看法。

首先，我想澄清三個基本事實。

Hinkley Point is once again asubject of speculation and debate following the announcement by the UKgovernment that it wants to hold a fresh review into the proposed project for anew nuclear power station in south-west England. With this in mind,clarification is needed on three basic facts regarding the project.

一是發(fā)展核電是英國自身能源規(guī)劃的實際需求。英國長期以來在民用核能領域走在世界前列，清潔高效的核電站一度是英國人的驕傲。近20年來，英國的核電發(fā)展有所停滯，現(xiàn)有的15個核電站大多數(shù)已達到設計壽命，正漸次退役。英國《能源白皮書》預測，到2025年全英將只有一個核電站仍在運行，英國電力供應將面臨重大短缺。核電相較于其他的現(xiàn)代清潔能源，有著運行成本低、維護技術成熟及發(fā)電穩(wěn)定等優(yōu)點，自然成為英解決電力需求的重要選項。

First, nuclear power is central toUK energy policy aimed at meeting the country’s long-term needs. Britain haslong been a pioneer in the field of civil nuclear energy, and once took pridein its clean and effective power plants. However, a two-decade pause in itsnuclear programme means that most of the country’s 15 reactors are approachingthe end of their intended working life.

According to the UK’s energy whitepaper, by 2025 only one nuclear plant will still be running, raising the riskof major power shortages. Nuclear power, with its advantages over other modernclean energy sources – namely, low operational costs, mature maintenancetechnologies and steady output – is a significant option for meeting the UK’sdemand for electricity.

二是欣克利角核電項目不是臨時起意、倉促上陣的，而是英、法、中三方本著互利互惠、合作共贏精神，經(jīng)過深思熟慮達成的重要成果。在英、法、中達成合作協(xié)議前，英法兩國有關部門和歐洲委員會均對欣克利角項目進行了研究論證和審批，相關企業(yè)和媒體也就項目的投入產出成本、施工工期和技術安全性等議題進行了廣泛深入討論。歷經(jīng)十年磨礪，該項目只待順利啟動實施，早日為英國提供安全、可靠和可持續(xù)的能源。

Second, Hinkley Point is not theresult of some whimsical idea or rushed decision. It is the considered outcomeof a mutually beneficial tripartite partnership between Britain, France andChina. Before the three parties reached agreement it had gone through research,verification and approval by the authorities in Britain and France as well asthe European Commission.

There have also been extensive andthorough discussions by all involved and in the media regarding the project’scost-effectiveness, its timeline and the safety of the technology. After morethan 10 years of preparations, this project is ready to move ahead towardsgenerating safe, reliable and sustainable electricity.

三是中國企業(yè)是英國核電建設最好的合作伙伴。參與欣克利角項目的中國廣核集團，是中國最大的核電運營商，也是全球最大的核電建造商，占全球核電在建裝機容量的近1/5。從全球范圍看，這是一個有技術、有資金，同時也有豐富的核電站管理和運營經(jīng)驗的優(yōu)質伙伴。

Third, the UK could not have abetter partner than the China General Nuclear Power Corporation. The latter isthe biggest nuclear power provider in China. It is also the world’s biggestbuilder of nuclear reactors, involved in the construction of one-fifth of thenuclear generators worldwide. This is a partner with world-class technology,the necessary financial resources and rich experience in the management andoperation of nuclear plants.

圍繞欣克利角項目，媒體炒得最兇的還有一個安全問題。我也想就此談談我的看法。

英國的核能監(jiān)管體系和法律制度是世界一流的，英國政府監(jiān)管部門有豐富的經(jīng)驗，也有充分的能力保證核電站的安全。中國發(fā)展核電30多年來，一直保持著良好的運行業(yè)績和安全水準，在核電發(fā)展和監(jiān)管方面的成就得到了國際機構的高度評價。同時，英、法、中三國都是國際原子能機構的成員。因此，法、中兩國在英投資的核電項目，必將遵守國際通行標準和英國當?shù)貥藴省?/p>

A further issue central to thedebate is that of security. The UK has a state of the art supervision regimeand legal system. Its regulatory authorities are experienced and adequatelyresourced to ensure the safety of nuclear plants. China likewise has a finerecord of 30 years of safe operation of nuclear facilities. Its nuclear energyprogramme and supervision are highly acknowledged by international agencies.The three Hinkley Point partners are members of the International Atomic EnergyAgency. So, the French and Chinese partners are subjecting themselves to bothinternational and British standards.

建設核電站投資巨大，風險亦大。核電領域的多國合作是國際通行做法。中國的許多核電站都是通過國際合作建成的，其中有美國公司、加拿大公司、法國公司、俄羅斯公司。有國際規(guī)范的監(jiān)督管理制度作為保障，我們從不擔心外國公司會控制中國的核電站。事實證明，正是這些國際合作成就了中國核電產業(yè)的快速發(fā)展。

Building a nuclear plant involves ahuge amount of financial resources and enormous risks. That explains whymultinational co-operation is accepted practice across the globe. Many of China’snuclear reactors are built in co-operation with US, Canadian, French andRussian companies. Thanks to the safeguards of international standards, therehas never been a concern that foreign companies might control China’s nuclearreactors. The rapid progress of China’s nuclear power industry is proof of thesuccess of international co-operation.

英國素以對外資開放著稱，并引以為自豪。我也認可這一點。正是由于英國的開放，中國已成為英國在歐洲外的第二大貿易伙伴，英國亦成為中國企業(yè)海外投資的主要目的地之一。過去5年里，中國對英投資超過其在德、法、意的投資總和。這些成績的取得還有一個重要原因，就是中英雙方堅持相互尊重，相互信任。如果說英國的開放是中英合作的條件，那么相互信任則是中英合作的基礎。

Britain takes pride in being acountry that is open to foreign investors. Rightly so. It is exactly because ofsuch openness that China has become the UK’s second-largest non-Europeantrading partner. Britain is one of the key destinations for Chinese companiesseeking to invest overseas. Over the past five years, such companies haveinvested more in the UK than in Germany, France and Italy combined.

An important reason why this hasbeen possible is that both China and the UK have consistently respected andtrusted each other. If Britain’s openness is a condition for bilateralco-operation, then mutual trust is the very foundation on which this is built.

當前中英關系正處在一個重要歷史時刻，相互尊重和信任更顯彌足珍貴。我希望英國繼續(xù)對中國開放，希望英國政府繼續(xù)支持欣克利角核電項目，盡早做出決定，確保項目順利實施。我深信，只要我們都珍惜中英關系來之不易的大好局面，不斷擴大和深化各領域合作，中英關系就能保持強勁發(fā)展勢頭，繼續(xù)造福兩國人民。

Right now, the China-UKrelationship is at a crucial historical juncture. Mutual trust should betreasured even more. I hope the UK will keep its door open to China and thatthe British government will continue to support Hinkley Point – and come to adecision as soon as possible so that the project can proceed smoothly.

It has not been easy for China andthe UK to have come this far. As long as both sides cherish what has beenachieved and continue to expand and deepen our co-operation across the board,bilateral relations will maintain their strong momentum and work for thewellbeing of both the Chinese and British people.