堅持開放、合作、協商，為世界增添“中國信心”

China Stays Committed to Openness, Cooperation and Consultation, and Brings Confidence to the World

劉曉明大使在彭博社研討會上的主旨演講

Keynote Speech by H.E. Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the Navigate the New Silk Road Forum

倫敦彭博歐洲總部大廈，2019年7月10日

Bloomberg London Office, 10 July 2019

尊敬的彭博歐洲總部主席考特齊亞茲先生，

尊敬的英國財政部經濟國務大臣格倫先生，考生如果怕自己錯過考試報名時間和考試時間的話，可以 免費預約短信提醒，屆時會以短信的方式提醒大家報名和考試時間。

尊敬的各位來賓，

女士們，先生們，

Chairman Constantin Cotzias,

Economic Secretary John Glen,

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen:

下午好!

Good afternoon!

很高興再次到訪彭博社。當前，全球經濟風險上升，不穩定、不確定性因素增多，世界各國都在探尋應對之策。彭博社此時舉辦“探索新絲綢之路”研討會可謂恰逢其時。我認為，世界經濟現在最需要的就是兩個字——“信心”。

It is a real delight to join you again at Bloomberg. The Bloomberg Forum on “Navigate the New Silk Road” could not have been more timely, as countries of the world explore ways to tackle the rising risks, instabilities and uncertainties in the world economy. In my opinion, what the world economy needs most now is “confidence”.

今天我想通過回答三個問題，詮釋提振世界經濟、促進各國共同發展的“中國信心”。

Today, I would like to explain what China is doing to boost confidence and promote common progress by answering the following three questions.

第一個問題，隨著單邊主義、保護主義不斷抬頭，國際社會是選擇“開放”，還是選擇“封閉”?中國的答案很明確，即堅持擴大開放，為推動世界經濟強勁增長提供信心。

The first question is: In face of rising unilateralism and protectionism, should countries of the world choose “openness” or “isolation”? China’s answer is clear: We remain committed to further opening up. This commitment boosts confidence in robust economic growth.

一是擴大開放的決心不變。對外開放是中國的基本國策，不是一時一事的權宜之計，而是基于自身經濟高質量發展的自覺行動，是基于經濟全球化時代潮流的必然選擇。在剛剛結束不久的二十國集團大阪峰會上，習近平主席再次向世界宣布了中國將進一步開放市場、主動擴大進口、持續改善營商環境、全面實施平等待遇、大力推動經貿談判等五大舉措。中國以實際行動再次證明了擴大開放的堅定決心和大國擔當，贏得了國際社會好評。

First, China has demonstrated firm resolve to open its door wider to the world. Opening up is a basic national policy of China. It is not expediency, but a natural choice. It is for the purpose of realising high-quality economic growth, and it is in line with the trend of globalisation. At the G20 Summit in Osaka last month, President Xi announced five important measures, namely: Open up the Chinese market wider; Expand imports; Improve the business environment; Equal treatment for all foreign investment; Advance trade talks. These concrete measures reaffirm China’s resolve and courage in opening its door wider to the world. It is met with enthusiastic response from the international community.

二是擴大開放的步伐不亂。一個時期以來，某個西方大國固守“本國優先”，大搞“貿易霸凌”，全球產業格局和貿易形勢受到嚴重沖擊。面對這些外部壓力，中國沒有屈服，也不會自亂陣腳，將繼續把推動“一帶一路”建設作為對外開放合作的管總規劃，使“一帶一路”造福更多國家和人民。在成功落實首屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇達成的5大類279項成果基礎上，今年4月中國再次成功舉辦第二屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇，與會各方達成了總計6大類283項合作成果，項目合作協議總額高達640多億美元，共建“一帶一路”正式邁入高質量發展新階段。

Second, China has taken firm steps to open its door wider to the world. When a certain big Western country insisted on “putting itself first” and adopted “bullying trade policies”, the global industrial landscape and trade situation came under severe stress. China has not succumbed to outside pressures. Nor will it stop the steps of opening up. China will continue to advance the Belt and Road Initiative as the master plan for its opening up. And in this process, China will strive to make sure that more countries and people will benefit from BRI. At the first “Belt and Road” Forum for International Cooperation two years ago, 279 outcomes covering five areas were reached and all have been implemented. Last April, the second Forum was successfully held, where 283 outcomes covering six areas were reached, and more than 65 billion dollars of deals on cooperation projects were signed. The second Forum marked the beginning of a new stage for high-quality BRI development.

三是擴大開放的勢頭不減。中國認為，經濟全球化是不可逆轉的大趨勢，融入世界經濟是不容改變的大方向，因此擴大開放不管遇到多少困難和挫折都不會動搖。目前中國制造業已基本放開，現代服務業準入限制持續減少，金融業開放步伐明顯加快、開放水平明顯提升。下一步中國將加快市場開放，擴大外商準入。原來規定的2021年取消證券、期貨、壽險外資股比限制提前至2020年;2019年版外資準入負面清單條目由原來的48條措施減至40條。2018年中國支付的外國專利許可費和技術使用費超過300億美元，較10年前增長近4倍。下一步中國將加大知識產權保護力度，爭取年內完成《外商投資法》配套法規，繼續完善對外開放法律體系，打造開放透明、公平競爭的營商環境。近年來中國多次自主降稅，貿易加權平均稅率只有5.2%，低于絕大多數發展中國家，接近發達國家平均水平。下一步中國將繼續自主降低關稅總水平，擴大進口，辦好第二屆中國國際進口博覽會，使中國“市場紅利”讓更多國家受益。

Third, China has kept up the momentum of opening up wider to the world. Economic globalisation is an irreversible trend. Greater integration into the world economy is the major direction that cannot be changed. Therefore, no matter how many difficulties or setbacks China encounters, it will not waver in opening its door wider to the world. As we speak, China’s manufacturing sector is basically open. It is gradually lifting restrictions on access to the modern services sector. And it is opening up the financial sector with accelerated pace and at a higher level. Going forward, China will continue to quicken its steps to increase market access for foreign investment. Take for example foreign ownership caps in joint venture firms in sectors such as securities, future and life insurance. China has brought forward the deadline for lifting the caps from 2021 to 2020. At the same time, China has also cut short the 2019 edition of the negative list on foreign investment, reducing the 48 items on the list to 40. In 2018, China paid more than 30 billion dollars in patent fees and royalties to overseas license holders or rights owners. That’s nearly four times more than ten years ago. Going forward, China will take further steps to foster an open, transparent and fair business environment. These steps include strengthening IPR protection, striving to complete the supporting regulations of the Foreign Investment Law by the end of this year, and continuing to improve the legal system for opening up. In recent years, China has taken the initiative to cut tariffs many times. Its trade-weighted average tariff only stands at 5.2%. This is lower than the majority of the developing countries, and close to the average level of developed countries. Going forward, China will continue to take the initiative to cut overall tariffs and expand imports. Later this year, China will host the second China International Import Expo. This will be an opportunity to share China’s market with more countries.

第二個問題，近年來經濟全球化深入發展，但發展赤字依然存在，中國如何在實現自身發展的同時帶動其他國家發展?中國的答案很明確，即堅持合作共贏，為實現世界經濟包容平衡增長提供信心。

Now let me turn to the second question: Despite deepening economic globalisation, development gaps between different countries still exist. What can China do to continue serving as a growth engine for the world while pursuing development at home? Again, China’s answer to this question is clear: We remain committed to win-win cooperation. This commitment will boost the confidence in the inclusive and balanced economic growth in the world.

以國際金融領域合作為例，在大數據、區塊鏈等新技術推動下，金融科技、普惠金融、綠色金融等新領域快速發展，國際金融市場發展面臨新機遇和新挑戰。在此背景下，中英分別作為新興金融大國和傳統金融強國，雙方加強金融合作，將給雙邊和國際投資者帶來巨大機遇。

Take the international financial cooperation for example. Driven by big data, blockchain and other new technologies, FinTech, inclusive finance and green finance are developing rapidly. This has brought new opportunities and new challenges to the international financial market. Against this backdrop, financial cooperation between our two countries, one with newly-acquired financial strength and the other with traditional financial power, will create enormous opportunities for investors from both countries and the world as a whole.

一是投資機遇。今年4月1日，中國債券被納入彭博巴克萊全球綜合指數，這是中國債券市場開放的又一重大成果，體現了中國在全球金融市場上的地位不斷提升，也反映出國際投資者對中國市場的信心。上個月，第十次中英經濟財金對話在倫敦成功舉行，取得了69項成果，“滬倫通”是其中亮點之一。“滬倫通”正式啟動，標志著中英作為世界第二大和第三大資本市場真正實現互聯互通，拓寬了中英雙向跨境投融資渠道。中英還將繼續就債券市場互聯安排開展可行性研究，為兩國和國際投資者帶來更多投資機遇。

First, there is the opportunity for investment. On April 1st this year, Chinese bonds were included in the Bloomberg Barclays Global Aggregate Index. I think this is an important success of the ever more open Chinese bond market. It shows China’s growing role in the global financial market. It also reflects the confidence of global investors in the Chinese market. Last month, the tenth China-UK Economic and Financial Dialogue was successfully held in London. Of the 69 outcomes reached at the EFD, the “Shanghai-London Stock Connect” is a highlight. Its official launch marks the realization of real connectivity between China and the UK as the world’s second and third largest capital market respectively. It also expands the channel for two-way, cross-border investment and financing between China and the UK. China and the UK will continue to conduct feasibility studies on the arrangement for connectivity between the bond markets, so as to create more opportunities for investors from both our two countries and the world.

二是綠色機遇。2018年，中國綠色債券發行額突破300億美元，同比增長33%。上個星期(7月2日)，英國舉行了第三屆綠色金融峰會，格倫大臣在會上發布了英國《綠色金融戰略(Green Finance Strategy)》。事實上，中英在綠色金融領域一直互為主要合作伙伴。2018年6月，中國工商銀行倫敦分行發行了15.8億美元的等值綠色債券，成為倫敦證券交易所歷史上規模最大的綠色債券。目前，雙方成立了中英綠色金融工作組，設立了中英綠色金融中心，發布了《“一帶一路”綠色投資原則》。中英還歡迎兩國金融機構開展合作，在英國和其他市場發行離岸綠色資產支持證券。未來中英還將創建由私營部門推動的投資平臺，支持和投資英國綠色技術公司，以促其在中國等新興市場的開發應用，努力在綠色金融產品創新、標準制定、風險監管等領域發揮更大引領作用。

Second, there is the opportunity for green development. In 2018, China issued over 30 billion dollars of green bond, achieving 33% increase year-on-year. Last week, the UK hosted the third Green Finance Summit. At the summit, Economic Secretary Glen announced the Green Finance Strategy. In fact, China and the UK have been major partners in green finance. In June 2018, the London Branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China issued green bond worth 1.58 billion dollars. This was the largest ever green bond listing on the London Stock Exchange. China and the UK have also set up the Green Finance Taskforce, launched the Green Finance Centre, and issued the Green Investment Principles for Belt and Road Development. Our two countries welcome the collaboration between Chinese and UK financial institutions on the issuance of offshore green asset-backed securities in the UK and other markets. Both sides will create investment platforms driven by the private sector to support and invest in UK green technology firms to scale-up in new markets, including China. We will also do more and try to take up the lead in product innovation, standard setting, risk supervision and management in green finance.

三是平臺機遇。倫敦金融城是世界領先的全球金融中心，也是中國金融服務合作的重要伙伴。倫敦是全世界最大的人民幣離岸交易市場。截至今年2月，共有113只人民幣債券在倫交所上市，總規模超過300億元人民幣。上個月我出席了中信銀行倫敦分行開業儀式，這是第8家在倫敦設立分行的中資銀行?？梢哉f，這不僅是中資銀行國際化發展的又一“里程碑”，也是對金融城光明前景的“信任票”。我相信，未來倫敦金融城將繼續在人民幣國際化、地方金融合作、第三方市場合作等領域發揮重要平臺作用。

Third, there is the opportunity of making the best use of platforms. The City of London is a leading global financial centre, and an important partner of China in financial services. First of all, London is the world’s largest offshore RMB market. By last February, a total of 113 RMB-denominated bonds had been listed on the London Stock Exchange. The total value is more than 30 billion RMB yuan. Second, many Chinese banks have made London their home. Last month, I attended the opening ceremony of China CITIC Bank London Branch. It was the eighth Chinese bank to set up a branch in London. This was not only a new milestone in the efforts of Chinese banks to explore the global market, but also a “vote of confidence” for the future of the City of London. I am confident that going forward, the City of London will continue to serve as an important platform for RMB internationalisation, for sub-national financial cooperation between China and the UK, and for the two countries’ cooperation in third markets.

第三個問題，近來中美關系廣受各方關注，貿易磋商動向牽動各國神經，兩國能否避免“修昔底德陷阱”，避免“貿易戰”殃及世界經濟?中國的答案很明確，即堅持對話協商，為維護世界經濟穩定環境提供信心。

Now let me turn to the third question of my speech. It is about the China-US relations and trade talks, which has caught the world’s attention. How can the two countries avoid the “Thucydides trap” and a “trade war” that could do so much harm to the world economy? Once again, China’s answer to this question is clear: We remain committed to dialogue and consultation. This commitment will boost confidence in the ability of the world economy to remain stable.

中方始終堅持通過對話磋商解決經貿爭端。不久前中美兩國元首在二十國集團大阪峰會期間舉行會晤，雙方同意在平等和相互尊重的基礎上重啟經貿磋商。英國工商界十分關注中美元首達成的共識能否落到實處，英國媒體也不停地問我中美經貿磋商的前景。我手上雖然沒有預測未來的“水晶球”，但我認為把握好四點非常重要：

China has been committed to addressing trade frictions through dialogue and consultation. Not long ago, the Chinese and US Presidents met during the G20 Summit in Osaka. The two sides agreed to restart the trade talks on the basis of equality and mutual respect. The UK business community has followed the event closely and is eager to know whether the agreement will be delivered. And British media kept sounding me out about the prospect of China-US trade talks. I do not have a “crystal ball”, but I think the following four points are very important for the future of China-US relations:

一是正確看待彼此定位。中美建交40年來的歷史經驗表明，兩國合則兩利、斗則俱傷。因此，雙方要視彼此為伙伴而非對手。中國的發展根本上是為了滿足中國人民對美好生活的向往，而不是挑戰誰或取代誰。中國決不會重蹈“國強必霸”的覆轍，將堅持走和平發展道路。

First, China and the US should have a right understanding of each other’ s goal. Forty years of China-US diplomatic relationship show that the two countries stand to gain from cooperation, and lose from confrontation. Therefore, it is important the two sides see each other as a partner rather than a rival. For China, the ultimate goal of development is to meet the aspiration of the Chinese people for a better life. It is not China’s goal to challenge or replace anyone. China will not go down the beaten path of Western powers and let its development lead to hegemony. Instead, China will remain committed to the path of peaceful development.

二是理性看待相互競爭。在經濟全球化時代，合作與競爭是國際關系的正?，F象。只要心胸足夠大，視野足夠寬，世界就足夠大，容得下各國共同發展繁榮。如果我們一味放大競爭，就會擠壓合作空間。只有摒棄你輸我贏的零和思維，才能在深化合作中形成良性競爭，攜手實現互利共贏。

Second, China and the US should view their competition in a sensible manner. In an age of economic globalization, both cooperation and competition are part of a normal relationship between countries. With a broad mind and a broad horizon, it would not be hard to see that the world is big enough for all countries to achieve common development and prosperity. If we over-exaggerate competition, we could run the risk of missing the opportunities. The right thing to do is to renounce the zero-sum mentality of “you lose, I win”. Only by doing so can we engage in healthy competition and at the same time deepen cooperation for win-win results.

三是勇于體現大國擔當。作為大國，意味著對地區和世界和平與發展肩負著更大責任，而不是“頤指氣使”的更大權力。中國堅持捍衛自身合法利益就是一種大國擔當。我們呼吁其他國家，特別是大國能以負責任的態度，相向而行，共同維護以規則為基礎的多邊貿易體制。

Third, China and the US should shoulder due responsibilities as big countries. Big countries have big responsibilities for regional and world peace and development, but not “big power to be bossy”. By safeguarding its legitimate interests in trade talks, China has shouldered its responsibility for global economy and trade. We call on other countries, especially big countries, to act in a responsible manner, head towards the same direction and uphold the rule-based multilateral trade system.

四是攜手捍衛共同利益。一個和平穩定的國際環境符合中美兩國和國際社會的共同利益。在這場沒有硝煙的“貿易戰”中，無人能置身事外。各國投資者也都是單邊主義、保護主義和貿易霸凌的受害者。我希望在座的工商界人士不做“沉默的大多數”，而做開放自由理念的踐行者、多邊貿易秩序的維護者、經濟金融合作的促進者，以實際行動為世界經濟發展注入更多信心、更多正能量。

Fourth, China and the US should join hands to safeguard the common interests of the world. A peaceful and stable international environment serves the common interests of China, of the US and of the international community. No one can stay aloof from this “trade war”. Investors are easy victim of unilateralism, protectionism and bullying trade policies. The business community should not be the “silent majority”. I hope you will stand up in support of open and free trade, uphold the multilateral trade order, and promote economic and financial cooperation. I hope you will take concrete action to put confidence and positive energy back into the world economic growth.

女士們，先生們，

Ladies and Gentlemen:

獨行快，眾行遠。世界好，中國才會好;中國好，世界才會更好。中國愿以更大的開放分享發展機遇，以更多的協商謀求共同發展，以更好的合作推進互利共贏，為世界增添“中國信心”。希望中英兩國企業家發揚伙伴精神，同舟共濟，共克時艱，堅持開放、合作、協商，共同開創世界美好未來!

As a saying goes, “If you want to go fast, walk alone; If you want to go farther, walk together.” China will develop better in a better world; and the world will be a better place with a better China. China stands ready to share its development opportunities through further opening up. China will pursue common development through consultation. China will promote win-win results through better cooperation. China will work hard to bring back confidence in the world economy. I hope the business leaders of our two countries will carry forward the spirit of openness, cooperation, consultation and partnership. In that spirit, I hope and believe you will work together to overcome all difficulties and build a better future for our world!

最后，預祝本次研討會取得圓滿成功!

In conclusion, I wish this Forum success!

謝謝!

Thank you!

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