一、疫病名稱

冠狀病毒 coronavirus

2019新型冠狀病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

肺炎 pneumonia

病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia

不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause

嚴重急性呼吸綜合征(非典) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

嚴重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)

急性呼吸窘迫綜合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

中東呼吸綜合征 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)

呼吸道疾病(呼吸系統疾病)respiratory diseases

二、傳染防控

國際關注的突發公共衛生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)

乙類傳染病 Category B infectious diseases

人傳人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission

行走的傳染源 mobile source of infection

潛伏期 incubation/latent period

無癥狀的潛伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period

特定傳染病 specific infectious disease

病毒攜帶者 virus carrier

無癥狀攜帶者 asymptomatic carrier

超級傳播者 super spreader

飛沫傳播 droplet transmission

接觸傳播 contact transmission

病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus

隱性感染 covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection

外源性感染 exogenous infection

密切接觸者 close contact

接觸者追蹤 contact tracing

傳染途徑 route of transmission

傳播方式 mode of transmission

宿主 host

易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population

醫院/院內感染 nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection

職業暴露 occupational exposure

確診病例 confirmed case

疑似病例 suspected case

散在病例 sporadic case

輸入性病例 imported case

二代病例 second-generation case

傳染性 transmissibility; infectivity

致病性 pathogenicity

疫情 epidemic; outbreak

疫區 affected area

發病 morbidity

發熱病人 patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients

重癥 severe case

發病率 incidence rate

死亡率 mortality rate

病死率(致死率)fatality/mortality/death rate

治愈率 recovery rate

疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control

監測體溫 to monitor body temperature

體溫檢測 to check body temperature

早發現、早隔離 early detection and early isolation

隔離治療 to receive treatment in isolation

自我隔離 to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine

臨床數據 clinical data

核酸檢測 nucleic acid testing (NAT)

血清診斷 serodiagnosis

自覺接受醫學觀察 to present yourself to medical observation

解除醫學觀察 to be discharged from medical observation

診斷、治療、追蹤和篩查 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening

預防措施 preventive measure

疫苗 vaccine

戴口罩 to wear a mask

勤洗手/仔細洗手 to wash your hands often/carefully

消毒 disinfection

避免去人多的地方 avoid crowds

健康篩查 health screening

旅行限制 travel restrictions

健康申報表 health declaration form

海鮮市場 seafood market

活體農貿市場 live animal market

濕貨市場 wet market

野味 bushmeat; game

果子貍 masked palm civet

蝙蝠 bat

竹鼠 bamboo rat

獾 badger

三、政策舉措

突發公共衛生事件 public health emergency

啟動重大突發公共衛生事件一級響應 to activate first-level public health emergency response

掌握情況，不漏一人 to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked

遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak

封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.

延遲開學 to postpone the reopening of schools

延長春節假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday

(公共場所)消毒、通風以及體溫檢測 disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)

應急醫院 makeshift hospital

火神山醫院 Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

雷神山醫院 Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

暫停海外團隊旅行 to suspend overseas group tours

關閉景點 to close scenic spots

取消大型集會 to cancel mass gatherings

減少外出 to make fewer trips outside

控制人口流動 to curb population flow

兩周觀察期 two-week observation period

停運長途汽車 to halt long-distance buses

調減市內公交 to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city

特殊報銷政策 special reimbursement rules

緊平衡 in tight balance

醫療物資緊缺 shortage of medical supplies

日常基本生活物資 daily necessities

跨境采購 cross-border procurement

囤積食物 to stock up on food

捂貨惜售 hoarding

瞞報 to underreport

哄抬價格 price gouging

頂格處罰 the maximum penalty

四、機構、職業群體和場所名稱

世界衛生組織(世衛組織)World Health Organization (WHO)

中央應對新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領導小組(中央應對疫情工作領導小組) Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control

國家衛生健康委員會(國家衛健委) National Health Commission (NHS)

中國疾病預防控制中心(中國疾控中心)Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)

國家醫療保障局(國家醫保局)National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)

醫療機構 medical institution

衛生機構 health institution

醫療從業者 medical practitioner; healthcare professional

醫療人員 medical personnel; health workforce; health workers

一線醫護人員 frontline health workers

鐘南山 Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)

定點醫院 designated hospital

發熱門診 fever clinic

重癥監護病房 intensive care unit (ICU)

檢疫所 quarantine office

藥店 pharmacy; drugstore

五、病理癥狀

病理 pathology

病原體 pathogen

病毒變異 virus variation

病毒突變 virus mutation

臨床表現 clinical picture

上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)

低氧血癥 hypoxemia; low blood oxygen

纖維化 fibrosis

肺膿腫 lung abscess

雙肺浸潤性病灶 infiltration in both lungs

發熱 fever

乏力 fatigue

干咳 dry cough

頭疼 headache

胸悶 chest distress; chest oppression

心慌 palpitations

惡心想吐 nausea

腹瀉 diarrhea

呼吸困難 dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties

呼吸急促(氣促)shortness of breath; panting

感染性休克 septic shock

六、器具名稱

紅外體溫測量儀 infrared thermometer

體溫檢測熱像儀 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring

診斷器具 diagnostic tool/kit

消毒液disinfectant; antiseptic solution

消毒濕巾 disinfectant/antiseptic wipes

含酒精洗手液 alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer

口罩 facemask; mask

N95口罩 N95 mask/respirator

醫用外科口罩 surgical mask

防護服 protective suit

護目鏡 goggles

一次性手套 disposable gloves

負壓救護車 negative pressure ambulance

七、其他醫學名詞

國際衛生條例 International Health Regulations (IHR)

流行病學 epidemiology

流行病學調查(流調) epidemiological investigation

呼吸器官respiratory organs

呼吸道 respiratory tract

消化系統 digestive system

神經系統 nervous system

腎功能 renal function

流感 influenza; flu

結膜炎 conjunctivitis; pink eye

宿疾、慢性病 chronic ailment; chronic disease

高血壓 hypertension; high blood pressure

糖尿病 diabetes; diabetes mellitus

心血管病 cardiovascular disease

基因序列 genetic sequence

基因結構 genetic structure

試劑 reagent

診斷 diagnosis

檢測樣本 test sample

醫學觀察 medical watch; medical observation

病毒分離 virus isolation

抗病毒藥 antiviral drug

退燒藥 febrifuge; antipyretic

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