中國新疆好地方(節選)

Xinjiang, a Good Place in China

駐尼日利亞大使周平劍在《人民報》發表署名文章

Signed Article by Ambassador Zhou Pingjian on the Peoples Daily Newspaper

至于新疆正在發生什么變化?我想從四個方面與尼方朋友分享真實故事：

第一、新疆經濟發展取得巨大進步。70年來，特別是1978年以來，新疆經濟持續平穩高質量發展，2018年地區生產總值近2000億美元。各族人民生活水平大幅提高，城鎮、農村居民人均可支配收入分別超過4800美元和1700美元。以就業、教育、醫療、社保等為重點的惠民工程持續推進。2014年至2018年，全疆累計實現230萬人脫貧，貧困發生率由19.4%下降至6.1%。今明兩年將實現81.71萬人脫貧，確保到2020年現行標準下的農村貧困人口全部脫貧、消除絕對貧困，與全國同步全面建成小康社會。

第二、新疆仍面臨嚴峻反恐挑戰。雖然新疆各項事業持續發展進步，但也面臨嚴峻挑戰。上世紀90年代以來，境內外“三股勢力”在新疆策劃實施了數千起暴力恐怖事件。我今年四月在烏魯木齊參觀新疆暴恐案例展，展出的大量暴恐圖片和視頻觸目驚心，暴恐行徑慘無人道、令人發指。與此同時，宗教極端思想泛濫，也日益助長了恐怖主義。自治區政府依法采取系列措施，既重拳打擊暴恐犯罪，又積極探索預防性反恐和去極端化舉措，包括建立職業技能教育培訓中心，卓有成效，深得人心。

第三、新疆的教培中心實際上是寄宿學校，而非別有用心者所說的“集中營”。教培中心本質上是一種預防性反恐，是防患于未然，防病于未病和小病，旨在最大限度教育挽救那些受極端思想感染、有輕微違法犯罪行為的人員，避免其成為恐怖主義和極端主義的受害者和犧牲品。學員通過“三學一去”，即學國家通用語言、法律知識和職業技能，實現去極端化目標。學員可以定期回家，有事隨時請假，親屬可以來訪，還可以視頻電話交流。學員達到結業標準后，由學校和政府推薦就業或自主創業等。教培中心免費提供食宿，依法保障學員各項基本權利，滿足學員學習、生活、娛樂等需求。開展職業技能教育培訓工作是新疆在特殊時期采取的特殊做法，隨著反恐形勢好轉，教培中心的規模會逐步縮小，直至結束。

第四、新疆是個自由、安全的地方。新疆采取多種措施保護公民宗教信仰自由、保障各族人民文化權利和使用本民族語言文字的權利。新疆有清真寺、教堂、寺院、道觀等宗教活動場所2.48萬座，有宗教教職人員2.93萬人，設有伊斯蘭教經學院等10所宗教院校，平均每530位穆斯林就有一座清真寺。少數民族優秀傳統文化得到保護和弘揚，維吾爾木卡姆藝術、柯爾克孜史詩《瑪納斯》列入“人類非物質文化遺產代表作名錄”。民族語言文字在司法、行政、教育、新聞出版、廣播電視、互聯網、社會公共事務等領域廣泛使用。婦女、兒童、老年人和殘疾人權利得到充分尊重和依法保護。新疆穩定紅利持續釋放，已連續超過30個月沒有發生暴恐事件，去年共接待1.5億人次旅游，預計今年有望達2億人次。一個有近2億人次進出的地方，能說不安全、不自由嗎?

在人權問題上，沒有最好，只有更好。我們將繼續全方位推進中國人權事業發展，不斷滿足人民對美好生活的需求和向往，繼續攜手各國共同在世界范圍內促進和保護人權，助力構建人類命運共同體。

“鞋子合不合腳，自己穿了才知道”。在中國新疆問題上，最有發言權的是新疆各族人民。我們誠摯歡迎尼方朋友到新疆實地考察，感受一個美麗、真實、好客的新疆，一個好地方。考生如果怕自己錯過考試報名時間和考試時間的話，可以 免費預約短信提醒，屆時會以短信的方式提醒大家報名和考試時間。

As for what is really happening in Xinjiang, I would like to share the true story from four aspects with Nigerian friends:

Firstly, Xinjiang is enjoying prominent economic development. Over the past 70 years, especially since 1978, Xinjiang has witnessed sustained and steady high-quality economic development, with its GDP for 2018 exceeding nearly 200 billion U.S. dollars. People’s living standard has greatly improved, with urban and rural residents’ per capita disposable income reaching respectively over 4,800 and 1,700 U.S. dollars. Public-interest projects regarding employment, education, medical services and social security have been moved forward. From 2014 to 2018, a total of 2.3 million people in Xinjiang were lifted out of poverty, with the poverty headcount ratio dropping from 19.4 percent to 6.1 percent. From 2019 to 2020, 817,100 people will shake off poverty. By 2020, all rural residents living below the current poverty line will be lifted out of poverty, absolute poverty will be eradicated as Xinjiang keeps pace with the rest of China in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

Secondly, Xinjiang is still facing severe challenges of anti-terrorism. Despite the progress Xinjiang has made in various undertakings, Xinjiang is also confronted with challenges. Since the 1990s, the “three forces” of terrorism, separatism and extremism inside and outside China have orchestrated and executed thousands of violent terrorist attacks in Xinjiang. The Exhibition on Major Incidents of Violent Terrorist Attacks in Xinjiang, which I viewed with great shock in late April this year, presents a large number of pictures and video footage about the appallingly cruel acts against humanity committed by violent terrorists. At the same time, the spread of religious extremist thoughts had stoked the terrorist rampage. The government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has taken a series of measures according to law to crack down on violent terrorist crimes on the one hand and actively explored preventive anti-terrorism and deradicalization measures on the other, including setting up vocational education and training centers. These efforts have been effective and won the sincere support of the people.

Thirdly, Xinjiang’s training centers are not “camps” but “campus”. There is no difference between a training center and a boarding school. The vocational education and training program is preventive counter-terrorism in nature and a precautionary step to prevent a disease or treat it in its early stages, as we do in traditional Chinese medicine. It aims to educate and rehabilitate to the greatest extent possible the individuals who have been influenced by extremist ideologies and committed minor offenses, so that they will not be victimized by and fall prey to terrorism and extremism. Courses on the national common language, legal knowledge and vocational skills help the trainees deradicalize themselves. The trainees can go home regularly, ask for a leave when needed, make phone or video calls to their family, and their family can come to the training centers to visit them. Upon completion of the courses, the trainees will be recommended for employment or self-employment by the school and the government. The training centers provide free accommodations and safeguard all basic rights of the trainees in accordance with the law to meet their needs in study, life and entertainment. I must point out that the vocational education and training program is a special measure adopted by Xinjiang at a special time. We will continue to improve the work of the training centers. As the counter-terrorism situation improves, the training program will be gradually downsized, leading to its completion.

Fourthly, Xinjiang is a place with freedom and safety. Xinjiang has taken a host of measures to protect citizens’ freedom of religious belief and safeguard their cultural rights and the right of all ethnic groups to use their own ethnic languages. There are 24,800 mosques, churches, Buddhist temples, Taoist temples and other religious venues, 29,300 clerical staff, and 10 religious schools such as the Xinjiang Islamic Institute. For every 530 muslims in Xinjiang, there is a mosques. Fine traditional cultures of ethnic minorities are protected and developed. The Uygur Muqam art and Kirgiz epic Manas have been listed as Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Ethnic minority languages are widely used in judicature, administration, education, press and publication, radio and television, the internet and social public affairs. The rights of women, children, the aged and people with disabilities are fully respected and protected by law. The stability dividend has continued to benefit Xinjiang. No case of violent terrorism has occurred for over 30 months in a row. A total of 150 million tourists visited Xinjiang last year, and this year the figure is expected to reach 200 million. Is it fair to label a place that receives nearly 200 million visitors a year as unsafe and not free?

When it comes to human rights, no one can claim perfection. So making progress is all important. We will continue to advance human rights development in China in an all-round way to meet people’s needs and aspiration for a better life, and join hands with other countries to promote and protect human rights around the world, with a view to advancing the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

Only a shoe’s wearer knows if it fits. The best-qualified to speak on Xinjiang are the Xinjiang people of all ethnic groups. We sincerely welcome Nigerian friends to make field visits to Xinjiang, and see for yourselves a beautiful, true and hospitable Xinjiang, a good place in north-western China.

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