Apple may well be the only technical company on the planet that would dare compare itself to Picasso.

In a class at the company’s internal university, the instructor likened the 11 lithographs that make up Picasso’s The Dull to the way Apple builds its smart phones and other devices. The idea is that Apple designers strive for simplicity just as Picasso eliminated details to create a great work of art.

Steven P. Jobs established the Apple University as a way to inculcate employees into Apple’s business culture and educate them about its history, particularly as the company grew and the technical business changed. Courses are not required, only recommended, but getting new employees to enroll is rarely a problem.

Randy Nelson, who came from the animation studio Pixar, co-founded by Mr. Jobs, is one of the teachers of “Communicating at Apple.” This course，open to various levels of employees, focuses on clear communication, not just for making products intuitive, but also for sharing ideas with peers and marketing products.

In a version of the class taught last year, Mr. Nelson showed a slide of The Bull, a series of 11 lithographs of a bull that Picasso created over about a month, starting in late 1945. In the early stages, the bull has a snout, shoulder shanks and hooves, but over the iterations, those details vanish. The last image is a curvy stick figure that is still unmistakably a bull.

“You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way, and that is true to the Apple brand and everything we do,” recalled one person who took the course.

In “What Makes Apple, Apple,” another course that Mr. Nelson occasionallyteachers, he showed a slide of the remote control for the Google TV, said an employee who took the class last year. The remote control has 78 buttons. Then, the employee said. Mr. Nelson displayed a photo of the Apple TV remote control, a thin piece of metal with just three buttons.

How did Apple’s designers decide on three buttons? They started out with an idea, Mr. Nelson explained, and debated until they had just what was needed 一 a button to play and pause a video, a button to select something to watch, and another to go to the main menu.

The Google TV remote control serves as a counterexample. It had so many buttons, Mr. Nelson said, because the individual engineers and designers who worked on the project all got what they wanted.

蘋果公司很可能是地球上唯一一個敢與將自己與畢加索相提并論的科技公司。 在公司內部大學的課程中，老師認為畢加索創作《公?！愤^程中連畫十一幅畫稿的方法與蘋果設計智能手機和其他設備的方法相類似，他認為：蘋果的設計師力求簡潔的態度，與畢加索為創作驚世之作而刪去細枝末節的做法并無二致?！　≡u講：這一段難度不大，但需要一點兒背景知識，畢加索創作公牛時連畫十一稿，細節越畫越少，在翻譯時如果不了解這一點，容易出現偏差。此外這個句子中存在兩個比較級，要注意不要翻譯得過分羅嗦。

史蒂芬·P·喬布斯創建蘋果大學是為了向員工灌輸蘋果的企業文化，讓員工了解企業的歷史， 特別是在公司不斷成長、科技行業不斷變化的過程中尤其重要。所有的課程都不是必修課，僅是推薦大家學習，但招收新員工上課從來不成問題。

蘭迪·尼爾森來自動畫電影皮克斯公司，而這家公司的聯合創始人也是喬布斯?，F在他是“在蘋果學溝通”課程的老師之一。這門課程面向所有級別員工開放，主要講授如何清晰地進行溝通，而這不僅僅是為了讓蘋果的產品更直觀，也為了讓員工和他們的同事交流想法以及銷售蘋果產品。 在去年上課的時候，尼爾森在電腦上放映了一個有關《公?！愤@部作品的幻燈片，其中包括畢加索從1945 年末 開始，用了一個多月的時間畫的 11 稿公牛。在開始，公牛有口鼻部、肩脛部和牛蹄，但隨著反復繪制，這些細節消失了。最終的一張圖就是一個由曲線優美的線條畫，不過還是一眼就能認出那是頭牛。　要不斷修改，直到能以非常簡潔的方式傳達意圖，對于蘋果品牌和我們所做的每件事來說都是如此。”一位上過這門課程的學生回憶道。 “什么造就了蘋果?是蘋果自己”是尼爾森偶爾會講授的另一門課程，一名去年上過這門課的員工說道，尼爾森在課上展示了一張谷歌電視遙控器的幻燈片，上面有78個按鍵。那個員工說，尼爾森接著展示了一張蘋果電視遙控器的照片，一塊薄薄的金屬片，上面僅有三個按鍵。

蘋果設計師如何決定只設計三個按鍵呢?尼爾森解釋道，設計師們從一個想法出發，然后反復討論，直到他們獲得自己所需要的東西——一個播放/暫停鍵，一個頻道選擇鍵，還有一個去往主菜單的鍵。 尼爾森先生說，谷歌電視遙控器是個反面教材，按鍵太多的原因是每個參與設計的工程師和設計師都獲得了各自需要的東西。

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