域外大國干擾是南海和平穩(wěn)定的風險源

Real Risks to Peace and Stability in the South China Sea Come from Power Outside the Region

駐歐盟使團團長張明大使在歐盟媒體發(fā)表署名文章

Ambassador Zhang Ming, Head of Chinese Mission to the EU Published a Signed Article on Euobserver

2019年8月22日

22 August 2019

近期，個別域外大國罔顧南海局勢持續(xù)向好的事實，就所謂南海“緊張局勢”無端指責中國，歐盟高官也表達了關(guān)切。為了讓歐洲讀者更加全面認知南海問題，我愿意向廣大朋友們講講南海的故事。考生如果怕自己錯過考試成績查詢的話，可以 免費預(yù)約短信提醒，屆時會以短信的方式提醒大家報名和考試時間。

從“南中國海”的名字可以看出，南海在中國大陸的南面。中國是最早發(fā)現(xiàn)和命名南海諸島的國家，也是最早開發(fā)利用南海的國家。早在公元8世紀，歐洲進入中世紀不久，中國就開始對南海進行管轄。中國和南海沿岸國交往密切，人民世代友好。直到20世紀前，中國對南海諸島的主權(quán)從未遭遇任何挑戰(zhàn)。

二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，中國使用美國提供的軍艦，收復(fù)了日本非法侵占的南海諸島，在島上舉行接收儀式并派兵駐守。作為二戰(zhàn)后國際秩序的組成部分，中國對南海諸島的主權(quán)得到國際社會廣泛承認。但隨著南海發(fā)現(xiàn)油氣資源，一些沿岸國開始在南沙奪島占礁，提出海洋權(quán)益訴求，導(dǎo)致南海出現(xiàn)爭端。盡管如此，中國致力于同有關(guān)國家談判解決爭議，聚焦海上務(wù)實合作，切實維護了南海的和平穩(wěn)定，維護了地區(qū)國家的發(fā)展繁榮。

世上本無事，總有人為謀取私利而到處挑撥離間、惹事生非，南海也未能幸免。個別域外大國，唯恐南海不亂，蓄意炒作南海“緊張局勢”，指責中國在南海“搞軍事化”。殊不知中國在自己領(lǐng)土上部署必要防御設(shè)施，本就是國家的合法權(quán)利。這個大國有世界上最強大的軍事力量，在全世界有數(shù)百個軍事基地。其不斷在南海搞軍事演習，派大型軍艦搞“航行自由”行動，把南海當作大國博弈的戰(zhàn)場，才是南海局勢緊張的重要根源。

個別域外大國總喜歡講南海問題，但在一些多邊場合，其國家代表發(fā)完言就揚長而去，不愿傾聽地區(qū)國家對南海和平穩(wěn)定的關(guān)切。可以說，這個大國所關(guān)心的南海問題，同中國和東盟國家所關(guān)心的南海問題，根本就不是同一個問題。這個大國的真實目的是攪渾南海，為維持地區(qū)軍事存在找借口，維護亞太霸權(quán)和海洋霸主地位。

個別域外大國言南海必稱“航行自由”問題，然而這個問題在南海根本就不存在。中國對外貿(mào)易和能源運輸?shù)?0%以上通過南海，中國比任何國家更關(guān)心南海航行自由。事實是，每年有十幾萬艘商船通行南海，從沒有一艘遇到過航行自由問題。這些域外大國天天喊“航行自由”，想要的莫不是亂闖別國領(lǐng)海的“橫行自由”?

南海地區(qū)國家有維護和平穩(wěn)定與推動地區(qū)合作的共同意愿。中國不會任由領(lǐng)土主權(quán)和地區(qū)安全受到侵害，也不會坐視域外大國攪亂南海秩序。希望域外國家尊重地區(qū)國家的意愿和選擇，多發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，不要為一己私利，也不要人云亦云，成為威脅南海和平穩(wěn)定的風險源。

域外大國干擾是南海和平穩(wěn)定的風險源

Real Risks to Peace and Stability in the South China Sea Come from Power Outside the Region

駐歐盟使團團長張明大使在歐盟媒體發(fā)表署名文章

Ambassador Zhang Ming, Head of Chinese Mission to the EU Published a Signed Article on Euobserver

2019年8月22日

22 August 2019

Recently, despite the continued improvement in the situation in the South China Sea, a major power outside the region has kept making unwarranted accusations against China over the so-called “tensions” in the South China Sea. Senior EU officials have expressed similar concerns. To help European readers get a full picture of the South China Sea issue, I wish to share with you the other side of the story.

As its name suggests, the “South China Sea” is to the south of the Chinese mainland. China was the first country to discover, name and develop the South China Sea islands. As early as in the 8th century, shortly after Europe entered the Middle Ages, China started administering the South China Sea. China has maintained close exchanges with the littoral states of the South China Sea and has enjoyed friendship with peoples of these countries from generation to generation. Before the 20th century, China’s sovereignty over the South China Sea islands had never been challenged.

After the end of World War II, China used naval ships provided by the United States and recovered the South China Sea islands illegally occupied by Japan. On the islands, the takeover ceremonies were held and troops started to be stationed. As part of the post-war international order, China’s sovereignty over the South China Sea islands has been widely recognized by the international community.

However, with the discovery of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea, some littoral states have sought to seize islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands, and made claims to maritime entitlements, leading to disputes in the South China Sea. That being said, China has been committed to settling the disputes through negotiation with the countries directly concerned, and focusing on practical maritime cooperation. Such efforts have contributed to the overall peace and stability in the South China Sea as well as development and prosperity of countries in this region.

We would deserve a more peaceful world, were it not for the instigation and trouble-making of some forces for their own agenda. The South China Sea is unfortunately no exception. A major power outside the region has deliberately hyped up the so-called “tensions” in the South China Sea and accused China of “militarizing” the region. The fact is that China has every legitimate right to deploy necessary defence facilities on its own territory. That major power, with the world’s most powerful military forces and hundreds of military bases across the world, has kept staging military exercises in the South China Sea and sent large warships there for the so-called “freedom of navigation” operations, trying to turn the South China Sea into an arena for major-power wrestling. This is THE source of tensions in the South China Sea.

That major power enjoys raising the South China Sea issue. Yet on some multilateral occasions, its representatives would take the exit immediately after finishing what they had to say, giving little heed to the call of the littoral countries for peace and stability in the South China Sea. It is fair to say that when it comes to the South China Sea issue, that major power cares about things totally different from those of China and ASEAN countries. Its real agenda is to muddy the waters and seek excuses to justify its military presence in the region, in order to uphold its hegemony in the Asia-Pacific and maritime supremacy the world over.

That major power always questions the “freedom of navigation” in the South China Sea, but there is nothing to question at all. More than 60% of China’s foreign trade and energy supplies pass through the South China Sea, so China has a greater stake in the freedom of navigation than any other country. The reality is that more than 100,000 merchant ships pass through these waters every year and not a single vessel has ever run into any problem with the freedom of navigation. When a major power outside the region talk about the freedom of navigation, does it mean to have a license to do whatever it wants in other countries’ territorial waters? This might be the real question.

Littoral states share the commitment to maintaining peace and stability and promoting cooperation in the South China Sea. China would not allow its territorial sovereignty and regional security to be undermined, nor would it allow any major power outside the region to muddy the waters. It is our hope that countries outside the region could respect the wishes and choices of countries in the region and play a more constructive role. Any attempt to impose one’s own selfish agenda or blindly follow suit from the outside would only pose real risks to peace and stability in the South China Sea.

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