PETS-3寫作技巧

(一)漫畫作文

1. 開始段：描述圖畫的內容，得出表層結論

(1) As is described in the picture... The picture shows...

(2) The picture describes... It indicates that...

(3) In the picture, we can see ... It reveals that...

2. 中間段：分析原因，論證原因

(1) There may be several possible reasons for which will be demonstrated below.

(2) The explanation for this phenomenon involves many complicated factors.

(3) A combination/ number of factors may contribute to/ account for...

(4) Among all the important/convincing reasons above, one should be emphasized...

(5) Of course, this does not in itself explain/ account for...

(6) One of the most common/ popular reasons for ... is that...

3. 結束段：表達個人觀點，提出建議或呼吁

(1) As the issue plays such an important part in both society and our life, due/ more tension should be paid to it.

(2) As the issue has a far reaching influence on both society and our life, due/ more attention should be paid to it.

4. 其他可能會用到的句子和短語

舉例：

(1)To take ... as an example

(2)One example is...

(3)Another example is...

(4)for example

承上啟下的連接詞：

(1) to begin with, then, furthermore, finally

(2) to start with, next, in addition, finally

(3) most important of all, moreover, finally

(4) on the one hand, on the other hand

(5) for one thing, for another thing

結尾用于過渡的短語：

(1)to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus, Therefore, we can find that...

(2)Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.

(3)Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

(4)Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken

(二)圖表作文

圖表作文是難度比較大的一種寫作題型。這類作文至少包含描述圖表和解釋原因兩個部分，但圖表又比較容易掌握，因為它的規律性很強。

圖表作文可分為：數據圖、餅圖、直方圖或柱形圖、趨勢曲線圖、表格圖、流程圖或過程圖和程序圖。

1. 首段：描述表格內容，簡單總結規律

(1)如果只有一個變量，有三個數據，可以描述如下：

From the chart we can see clearly that the average number of hours a student spends on Internet per week has increased from less than two hours in 1998 to nearly four hours in 2000, and then to 20 hours in 2004.

(2)如果是最常見的是2*3的情形，可以描述如下：

From the chart, we can see clearly that in a big city in China, state owned houses declined from 75% in 1990 to 60% in 1995 and then to 20% in 2000, while private houses rose from 25% to 40% and then to 80% during the same period.

(3)如果碰到多變量、每個變量多數據的情形，大家應首先進行分類，分成上升、下降兩類，或者上升、下降、不變三類，這樣問題就迎刃而解了。

2. 第二段：分析原因，得出結論

第二段是解釋原因的段落。通過上一段對圖表的分析，說明圖表中的反映的情況并作解釋說明，最后在文章的結尾處得出合乎情理的結論，闡明自己的看法。

常用的句型有：

These changes reflect…

The possible suggestions for this are that…

(三)文字表述類作文

這種作文也叫關鍵詞作文，就是根據作文題目及所給的關鍵詞，在正確理解詞義的基礎上根據自己的知識，進行聯想和組織文字，寫出既能夠合理利用關鍵詞又能表達意思的文章。

這種作文沒有固定的格式，大家可以參考下面的步驟來進行寫作：

1. 審題

由于關鍵詞作文是帶題目的，所以在拿到作文后，大家一定要認真審題，仔細琢磨，弄清題目規定的內容和各段的主題。

2. 仔細閱讀關鍵詞

很多時候大家拿到關鍵詞會覺得茫然，無從下筆，這時候，可以仔細閱讀關鍵詞，因為很多所謂的關鍵詞是分段的，并且有一定的邏輯順序，這樣它不僅規定了思路，還提供了一定的語言素材。

3. 擬定各段的主題句，明確全文的主題句。

這樣也就有了如何寫文章的初步設想，這是關鍵的一步，然后大家就可以圍繞主題句進行擴展，這樣也可以避免偏題。

4. 段落寫作，完善內容

要特別注意句子結構，以及段與段之間的銜接。

5. 文章完成后，重新檢查一遍，核實格式和語法

因為關鍵詞作文沒有一定的模式可以遵循，所以大家在具體寫作時，可以多看題目要求，靈活處理。

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