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The world this week - Business

本周國際要聞——商業

The European Union unveiled ambitious goals to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 55% by 2030 (compared with 1990 levels) and to reach net zero by 2050. The plan sets out a range of policies to help meet the targets, but the main thrust is an expansion of the EU's Emissions Trading Scheme, in which companies pay to pollute. It would also introduce a Carbon Border-Adjustment Mechanism, in effect a tariff on goods from outside the EU that are not green-friendly. The announcement came days before China was expected to announce an emissions-trading scheme that will create the world's largest carbon market.

歐盟公布了雄心勃勃的目標，即到2030年將溫室氣體排放量減少55%(與1990年的水平相比)，到2050年實現凈零排放。該計劃制定了一系列幫助實現目標的政策，但其主要目標是擴大歐盟的排放交易計劃，在該計劃中，企業需要為污染買單。它還將引入碳邊界調整機制，實際上是對來自歐盟以外的不環保商品征收關稅。中國預計將在幾天后宣布一個碳排放交易計劃，該計劃將創建世界上最大的碳市場。

China's economy expanded by 1.3% in the second quarter, compared with the previous three months, helped by growth in manufacturing, retail sales and investment. China's exports, meanwhile, rose by 32% in June (in dollar terms) over June 2020. Although the rebound in trade reflects an easy comparison with the depths of the pandemic, it is much stronger than analysts had forecast.

得益于制造業、零售業和投資的增長，中國經濟在第二季度同比增長1.3%。與此同時，中國6月份的出口(以美元計算)比2020年6月增長了32%。盡管貿易的反彈顯示出與疫情嚴重時期的簡單對比，但其強勁程度遠遠超過分析師的預測。

America's annual rate of inflation hit 5.4% in June, another 13-year high. Consumer prices have been driven up by higher energy costs, including for petrol, and also by demand for used cars. Prices for second-hand vehicles have accelerated as the production of new cars stalls amid a global shortage of chips.

美國6月份的年通貨膨脹率達到5.4%，再創13年來新高。包括汽油在內的能源成本上漲，以及對二手車的需求，都推高了消費者價格。由于全球芯片短缺，新車生產陷入停滯，二手車價格加速上漲。

The Bank of England scrapped the restrictions on banks' dividend payouts and share buybacks that it imposed during the pandemic. The Federal Reserve has already removed similar curbs on most banks in America; the European Central Bank is expected to follow suit.

英國央行取消了疫情期間對銀行派息和股票回購的限制。美聯儲已經取消了對美國大多數銀行的類似限制;預計歐洲央行也將效仿。

Meanwhile, the ECB gave the go-ahead for a pilot project for a digital version of the euro as an alternative to crypto currencies, such as bitcoin. In London police seized ￡180m-worth ($249m) of cryptocurrency linked to money-laundering and other nefarious activities. It was one of the biggest such seizures globally and came a few weeks after the city's police confiscated ￡114m in cryptocurrency from other illicit gains.

與此同時，歐洲央行批準了一個數字版歐元的試點項目，作為比特幣等加密貨幣的替代品。在倫敦，警方查獲了價值1.8億英鎊(2.49億美元)的加密貨幣，這些加密貨幣與洗錢及其他不法活動有關。這是全球最大的此類收繳行動之一，就在幾周前，該市警方從其他非法收益中沒收了1.14億英鎊的加密貨幣。

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