1.affect vs effect

　　兩個“影響”辨析

　　Affect and effect are two words that are commonly confused. Affect is usually a verb (action); effect is usually a noun (thing).

　　Affect和effect這兩個詞語經常被混淆。Affect通常用作動詞，表示某種行為，而effect常用作名詞，表示某事。

　　Hint: If it's something you're going to do, use "affect." If it's something you've already done, use "effect."

　　提示：如果某事是你正打算要去做的，那么用affect;如果某事是你已經做完了的，那么就用effect。

　　To affect something or someone.

　　“影響”某事或某人

　　Example 1: The noise outside affected my performance.

　　例1：外面的噪音影響了我的發揮。

　　Example 2: Staying away so long from office will affect promotion.

　　例2：長期離職會影響晉級。

　　The use of "effect" as a verb is what causes the most confusion between these two words.

　　effect用作動詞時，最容易和affect造成混淆。

　　To have an effect on something or someone.

　　對某事或某人有“影響”

　　Note: effect is followed by the preposition on and preceded by an article (an, the)

　　注意：effect前面一般要有冠詞a/the，effect后面通常要加介詞on。

　　Example 1: His smile had a strange effect on me.

　　例1：他的笑容對我有一種奇怪的影響。

　　Example 2: Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent's behavior.

　　例2：家長們擔心音樂對于其青少年子女行為的影響。

　　2.some time / sometime vs sometimes

　　一段時間、某時和有時的辨析

　　Some time means a period of time.

　　Some time表示一段時間。

　　Example 1: The government still has sufficient instruments and still some time to move on this question.

　　例1：政府仍然有足夠的工具和時間來應對這個問題。

　　Example 2: I think Jenny and I need some time right now anyway.

　　例2：反正我和珍妮需要一點時間。

　　Sometime indicates a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated.

　　Sometime表示未來或者過去的某個時間，而這個時間目前還未知或者沒有表述清楚。

　　Example 1: They hoped to meet up sometime.

　　例1：他們希望能找個時間見個面。

　　Example 2: The sales figures won't be released until sometime next month.

　　例2：銷售數據要到下個月的某個時候才會公布。

　　Sometimes means on some occasions but not always or often.

　　Sometimes指的是有時，但并不經常，表示頻率。

　　Example 1: During the summer, my skin sometimes gets greasy.

　　例1：夏天我的皮膚有時會變得愛出油。

　　Example 2: I differed with my partner sometimes,but we usually agree.

　　例2：我有時與我的伙伴爭論，但我們通常是一致的。

　　3.e.g vs i.e“

　　例如”和“也就是”的辨析

　　e.g. stands for exempli gratia = for example.

　　e.g.是拉丁語exempli gratia的簡寫，表示“例如”，用于舉例說明。

　　Example: "I like fast cars, e.g. Ferrari and Porche".

　　例句：我喜歡跑車，比如法拉利和保時捷。

　　In the sentence above you are simply giving an example of the kinds of cars you like - Ferraris and Porches.

　　在上述例句中，e.g.后要加你喜歡的車子的類型，即法拉利和保時捷。

　　i.e. stands for id est = that is (in explanation).

　　i.e.是拉丁語id est的簡寫，表示“也就是、即”的意思，用于解釋說明。

　　Example: "I like fast cars, i.e. any car that can go over 150mph."

　　例句：我喜歡跑車，也就是時速超過150英里的車子。

　　In this second sentence you are giving an explanation of what you consider to be fast.

　　在第二句例句中，i.e.后是對跑車的說明，即你認為的跑車是多快的車子。