Medical Journals

　　Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.

　　In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing. many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.

　　Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue. Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.

　　譯文：

　　醫學雜志

　　醫學雜志是向醫生和其他醫務人員提供醫學信息的出版物。

　　在過去，這些雜志只有印刷版。隨著電子出版的發展，許多醫學雜志現在都有網站了，有些雜志 只有網絡版。少數的醫學雜志，如《美國醫學會雜志》，被看做是普通醫學雜志，因為它們涵蓋了醫 學的許多領域。大部分醫學雜志都是針對特定醫療領域的專業雜志。

　　醫學雜志登載很多類型的文章。科研論文報告調查研究的結果，內容涵蓋基礎疾病機理和比較 不同療法產生的結果的臨床試驗。綜述文章在細致研究醫學文獻的基礎上，總結和分析與某個特定 話題相關的信息。由于個體研究之結果可能受很多因素的影響，因此將有關同一題目的不同研究之 結果匯總起來，可能有助于得出有關預防、診斷或是治療某一疾病所需的科學證據的結論。病例會 診和病例報告可能會登載在醫學雜志上,告知醫生特定的疾病和如何治療。醫學雜志上的社論是表 達作者觀點的短文章，它們經常是針對同一期雜志上登載的一篇科研論文或綜述文章的。社論提供 了一個整體看法，闡述這篇文章是怎樣和同一話題的其他信息聯系在一起的。讀者來信為醫學雜志 的讀者提供了發表評論、提問或批評雜志上登載的文章的途徑。

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