下面共有15個句子，每個句子中均有1個詞或短語有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的4個選項中選擇1個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。$lesson$

　　1.America’s emphasis on the importance of education for everyone has spurredscientific research.

　　A) encouraged

　　B) endangered

　　C) endorsed

　　D) enlarged

　　2. Photojournalist Margaret White became famous for her coverage of significant events during the Second World War.

　　A) baggage

　　B )orphanage

　　C)reportage

　　D) usage

　　3. Below 600 feet ocean waters range from dimly lit to completely dark.

　　A) inadequately

　　B) hardly

　　C) faintly

　　D) sufficiently

　　4. "I’m not meddling ". Mary said mildly. "I’m just curious".

　　A) gently

　　B )shyly

　　C) weakly

　　D) sweetly

　　5. In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.

　　A) strange

　　B) certain

　　C) inconsistent

　　D) proper

　　6. Many of novelist Carson McCullers’ characters are isolated, disappointed people.

　　A) solitary

　　B) gloomy

　　C) feeble

　　D) frugal

　　7. The workers finally called off the strike.

　　A) put off

　　B) ended

　　C) cancelled

　　D) participated in

　　8. John has made up his mind not to go to the meeting .

　　A) wanted

　　B) promised

　　C) decided

　　D) agreed

　　9. I catch cold now and then.

　　A) always

　　B) occasionally

　　C ) constantly

　　D) regularly

　　10. He often finds fault with my work.

　　A) criticizes

　　B) praises

　　C) evaluates

　　D) talks about

　　11. The little girl grasped her mother’s arm as she across the street.

　　A) understood

　　B) had a hold over

　　C) took hold of

　　D) left hold of

　　12. In judging our work you should take into consideration the fact that we have been very busy recently.

　　A) thought

　　B) mind

　　C) account

　　D) memory

　　13. I can no longer tolerate his actions.

　　A) put up with

　　B) accept

　　C) take

　　D) suffer from

　　14. The doctors have abandoned the hope to rescue the old man.

　　A) left

　　B) given up

　　C) turned down

　　D) refused

　　15. Have you talked to her lately?

　　A) lastlly

　　B) shortly

　　C) recently

　　D) immediately

　　答案：ACCAB ACCBA CCABC

　　1 spur：促進，激勵。encourage 跟它的意思相近：鼓勵，促進。

　　Public apathy encourages corruption in government.公眾的冷漠助長政府的腐敗。

　　endanger：危及，危害。They claim that the herbicide they are using will not endanger human life.他們聲稱，他們使用的除草劑不會危害人們的生命。endorse：簽名，批準。enlarge：擴大，放大。

　　2 dimly昏暗地。lit：此處是light(照亮)的過去分詞，也有人把它叫做形容詞。a dimly lit lane：一條昏暗的胡同。faintly：暗淡地，微弱地，與dimly意思相近。Inadequately：不足。hardly：幾乎不。I can hardly hear him.我幾乎聽不到他說話。sufficiently：充分地，足夠地。

　　3 mildly：溫和地;適度地。gently：溫和地，有教養地。"I'm sorry to disturb you"，Mary said gently.瑪麗有禮貌地說："對不起，打擾你了。"shyly：害羞地;膽怯地。The children are smiling shyly.那些兒童靦腆地笑著。weakly：虛弱地，微弱地。She smiled weakly at the reporters.她對記者微笑。sweetly：舒適地;甜蜜地。The girl smiled sweetly at her friends.女孩對她的朋友笑得很甜蜜。

　　4 coverage：覆蓋(的區域、范圍)。此處指新聞報道的范圍。reportage：新聞報道。

　　注意：reportage在這個句子中可以替代coverage，但并不意味著任何時候都可以替換。baggage：行李(不可數)。a piece of baggage：一件行李。英國英語一般用luggage。orphanage：孤兒身份，孤兒院。usage：使用，用法。That phrase has gone out of usage.那短語已不為大家所用。

　　5 inevitable：不可避免的，必然要發生的。certain：肯定的，必然的，與inevitable意思相近。It is almost certain that the government will lose the next election.差不多可以肯定政府在下屆選舉中要失敗。strange：奇怪的。inconsistent：不一致的。proper：合適的，得體的。 +

　　6 call off."停止，取消。cancel：取消。Why was the baseball game cancelled yesterday?

　　為什么昨天的棒球比賽取消了?put off."推遲。They decided to put off the meeting until after Christmas.他們決定會議推遲到圣誕節后舉行。end：結束。The government acted to end a bakers'strikerin the.city.政府采取行動結束城里面包師傅的罷工。participate in：參加。Did you participate in the discussion?你參加討論了嗎?

　　7 isolated：孤立的，與世隔絕的。solitary跟它的意思比較接近：獨居的，單個的。John has been living a solitary life.約翰一直過著獨居的生活。又如：She was the most solitary person on earth.她是世界上最孤獨的人。gloomy：陰郁的，憂悶的。She is feeling gloomy,so go and cheer her up.她感到憂悶，去安慰安慰她。feeble：虛弱的，無力的。a feeble old man：虛弱的老人。frugal：節儉的。

　　8 make up one's mind：打定主意，下定決心。又如：Susan has made up her mind that，come what may,she will stay with John.蘇珊決心已下，不管發生什么事，都將跟約翰待在一起。decide：決定。He decided not to do that.他決定不千那件事。want：想。I can study any subject you wafit to.我能研究你想研究的任何一個課題。promise：許諾。You've got to promise me that you won't do that again.你得答應我不再干那種事。agree：同意。They might not agree with his opinion.他們可能不同意他的意見。

　　9 now and then：時而，偶爾。occasionally：時而，偶爾。always：經常。We have always done it in this way.我們經常這么干。constantly：不斷地。She is constantly changing her mind.她老是改變主意。注意：動詞進行體跟constantly,always等表達"反復"意義的副詞搭配時動詞動作具有反復性。這種搭配表達說話人對某人的某種行為的不滿，具有強烈的感情色彩。下面這句話是不帶感情色彩的客觀報道：She constantly changes her mind.她常常改變主意。regularly：經常地;定時地。We do meet now and then，but not regularly.我們確實偶爾見面，但不經常。

　　10 find fault with：找……的岔子，批評。criticize：批評。He seems to enjoy criticizing his colleagues.他似乎把批評他的同事看做是一種樂趣。praise：表揚。Our guests praised the meal as the best they had had for years.我們的客人稱贊這頓飯是他們多年來吃過的最好的一頓。evaluate：評估。The scientists are evpluating the data.科學家們正在評估數據。talk about：談論。That's all settled.It needn't be talked about.此事已徹底解決，無需再談了。

　　11 grasp：抓住。take hold of.抓住，控制住。Mother took hold ofthe barking dogs by their collars.母親抓住了這些汪汪直叫的狗的頸圈，把它們制服了。understand：懂得，理解。I don't understand your attitude at all.我一點也不理解你的態度。grasp也有"懂得"的意思，但在該句中不是這個意思。have a hold over：控制;對…有影響。The officer has kept a firm hold over the soldiers.那個軍官一直緊緊地控制著士兵。leave hold of.放開。She left hold of his hand.她放開了他的手。

　　12 take…into consideration：把……考慮進去。take…into account：把……考慮進去。We must take local conditions into account.我們必須把地區性的條件考慮進去。thought：思想，考慮。This problem needs great thought.這個問題需要認真考慮。mind：腦子，心。Her mind is not entirely on her work.她的心不全在工作上。memory：記憶。The photograph evoked her happy memories.這張照片激起了她幸福的回憶。

　　13 tolerate：忍受。putupwith：忍受。If I were you, I wouldn't put up with his behavior any longer.如果我是你，我不會再忍受他的這種行為。accept：接受。I don't think that they would accept my view.我認為他們不會接受我的觀點。take有很多的意義。take action：采取行動，采取措施。The government has promised to take swift action on the energy crisis.政府許諾迅速采取措施解決能源危機。suffer from：受……之苦。He suffered from cold and hunger for some time.他一度饑寒交迫。

　　14 abandon：放棄。give up：放棄。She gave up her iob to look after her sick mother.為了照顧有病的母親，她放棄了工作。tumdown：不接受。The company turned down the suggestion of shorter hours.公司否決了縮短工作時間的建議. refuse：拒絕，不接受。He refused bribe.他拒絕了賄賂。

　　15 lately：最近：近來。recently：最近;近來。I've only recently begun to learn English.我只是最近才開始學英語。lastly：最后。He gave many reasons for being late;lastly he said his car had broken down.他先是說了一大堆遲到的理由，最后還說他的車壞了。shortly：一會兒，不久。She kept a diary until shortly before her death.直到去世前不久她才停止記日記。immediately：馬上，立即。I'll answer his letter immediately.我會立即給他回信。