第三篇 $lesson$

Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

　　The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking，said medical experts after a five-year research study.

　　Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger，especially women.

　　According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute，more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer，it has the second-highest incidence rate.

　　“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer，”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.

　　He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them，1,483 were male.

　　Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke，according to the report.

　　However，more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term，close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about l irritated eyes and throat.

　　About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women’s bedrooms were adjacent to2 the kitchen.

　　However，local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.

　　“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day，I must stay in the kitchen to cook，" said Xu Li. a 45-year-old local woman. "I know the fumes are bad for the skin，but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer .I have already started frying less.’’

　　Doctors said women’s lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition，but was closely related to family cancer history，unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.

　　Other experts agreed with He.3

　　"Smoking is by far the biggest cause4 of lung cancer for men，" said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College. "It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”

　　He's research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling5 fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.

　　The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time，6 experts said.

　　詞匯：

　　fume n.煙，氣，汽 fry v.油炸，油煎

　　tumor(=tumour)n.腫瘤 unventilated vt.使不通風(fēng)

　　cancern.癌瘤 adjacent adj.臨近的

　　breast/brest/n.乳房，胸dietary adj飲食的

　　incidence n.發(fā)生(率) immune adj 免疫的

　　diagnosis n.診斷 honorary adj.名譽(yù)上的;榮譽(yù)的

　　inhale v.吸人 respiratory adj.呼吸的

　　irritate vt.使疼痛，刺激 stall n.貨攤

　　注釋：

　　1.complain原意是“抱怨，訴苦”，但醫(yī)學(xué)上常用complain about或complain of表示“主訴"。

　　2.aajacent to：與……相毗鄰，臨近……(地方)

　　3.Other experts agreed with He.其他老師同意何醫(yī)生的意見(jiàn)。agree with sb：同意某人的意見(jiàn)。 agree with sth：同意什么東西。agree to do sth：同意做什么事情。

　　4.by far the biggest cause：最最大的原因。by far是用來(lái)做形容詞最高級(jí)the biggest的狀語(yǔ)，對(duì)形容詞最高級(jí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。本來(lái)形容詞最高級(jí)就已經(jīng)是最高了，可是說(shuō)話的人還要對(duì)它再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)出來(lái)，所以就相當(dāng)漢語(yǔ)的“最最……"的意思。

　　5.…warned people not to stand near of stalls selling…：警告人們不要站在賣……的貨攤附近。也可以說(shuō)成“...warned people off stalls selling.…”。

　　6.…if exposed to the fume for a long time...…?如果長(zhǎng)時(shí)間接觸這種煙的話。expose sb.to sth.原意是“使……(人)暴露于……(物)”，但醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)中常常用來(lái)表達(dá)“接觸到……(物)”的意思。此處if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于“if one is exposed to the fume for a long time”。

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?

　　A Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.

　　B Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.

　　C Patients with lung cancer become older，especially males.

　　D Patients with lung cancer become younger，especially females.

　　2.Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai?

　　A Heart disease. B Breast cancer.

　　C Infectious diseases.D Lung cancer.

　　3.What symptoms may be complmned of by most women with lung cancer after long term.close

　　contact with cooking oil fumes?

　　A Irritated eyes and throat. B Severe pain in both lungs.

　　C Continuous cough and headache.D Difficulty in breathing.

　　4.What was the local women’s reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?

　　A Happy. B Surprised.

　　C Angry. D Careless.

　　5.Which of the following has relatively little connection with women’s lung cancer?

　　A Family cancer history. B Unhealthy dietary habits.

　　C Weak immune systems. D Personal health and physical condition.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.D 文章第二段明確提到，肺癌的新趨勢(shì)就是“病人更年輕，尤其是婦女”。

　　2.B文章第三段說(shuō)到，“肺癌排在乳腺癌之后，發(fā)病率第二高”，可見(jiàn)乳腺癌才是最常見(jiàn)的疾病。

　　3.A文章第七段說(shuō)到，“60%以上患肺癌的婦女都長(zhǎng)期接觸廚房油煙并主訴眼睛和喉嚨疼痛難受”。

　　4.B 文章倒數(shù)第七段明確說(shuō)到，“當(dāng)婦女們知道廚房油煙可以致癌時(shí)都很驚訝"。

　　5.D 回答此題時(shí)，首先要注意倒數(shù)第五段中的兩處文字，即had few links to…和was closely related to…，其中link to意為connection with，而relate to則意為connect with，都是“聯(lián)系”的意思，只是few和closely的差別卻很大。few和little一樣，都是具有否定意義的詞，意為 “很少，幾乎沒(méi)有"，只是后面的名詞分別為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞而已;它們與a few和a little不同，a few和a little具有肯定意義，意為“有幾個(gè)”和“有一點(diǎn)”，后面的名詞同樣分別為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如果這一點(diǎn)明白了，也就很容易回答這道題了