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2009年職稱英語理工類C級課程講義:詞匯(1)

更新時間:2015-12-10 11:50:58 來源:|0 瀏覽0收藏0

詞匯選擇試題以及分析:

1.At midnight(午夜、半夜12點), we were aroused (吵醒)by a knock(敲) at the door. (answer: B)

A. irritated:vt(使人惱怒、急噪)I am irradiated by the delay of the flight(航班的延誤).
B. awakened: vt (弄醒,喚醒)my mother awakens me every morning.  
C. arisen(***): vi(是arise的過去分詞,出現(xiàn)、呈現(xiàn)、引起、發(fā)生,一般和介詞from搭配。)
A new problem(問題) has arisen.
arise = appear = come up = originate = cause
D. annoyed:vt(是annoy的過去分詞, 使某人不悅、惹惱某人,打攪)
His constant(不斷的。不停的) cries(哭鬧) annoy me.

分析:arouse是一個多義詞,一般作為及物動詞使用,基本含義有:喚醒某人,引起、激發(fā);鼓勵、鼓動。我們可以參看教材上一道原題(衛(wèi)生類)

In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.

A. confuses(使人迷惑,混淆)  B. excites(使人興奮、刺激,激發(fā))  
C. scares(恐嚇某人,嚇跑某人)  D. diverts(轉(zhuǎn)移某人的注意力,使某物轉(zhuǎn)向)

arouse = awaken = encourage = cause
在06年的8題中,題目略做改動:

It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull.
A. frightens(使人感到恐懼、害怕) B. scares C. confuses  D. arouses
得出結(jié)論:不要背答案,要搞清每個常用詞的用法和同義詞,盡量在學習過程中能作到舉一反三。

2.She was awarded(頒發(fā)、授予、) a prize(獎) for the film(電影). (answer: A)

A. given:vt(給、授予、讓步、供給), 常出現(xiàn)的固定搭配:give away泄露秘密,發(fā)放,頒發(fā); give forth發(fā)表,公布,發(fā)出聲音、氣味;give in屈服,交上;give way to讓步,坍塌,破裂  

B. rewarded:vt酬勞、獎賞;n 報酬、賞金,常見搭配:
as a reward for作為對某事的獎賞;reward sb for sth為某事而報答某人,請注意派生詞:rewarding: adj 值得做的,令人滿意的 a rewarding film/trip(旅行)
如:He rewarded the boy for finding his lost mobile phone.

C. sent(是send過去分詞,送, 寄)
The mother sends her children to school every morning. 
  
D. reminded(原形是remind, 提醒某人,使某人想起,常見搭配:remind sb of sth)
The picture(照片) reminded me of my father.
分析:award屬于詞義比較簡單的詞,一般表示頒發(fā)、授予、判定、給予,如:
she was awarded a gold medal(金牌) as a swimming(游泳) champion(冠軍)

3.Smoking(吸煙) will be banned (禁止)in all public(公共的) places here. (answer: A)

A. forbidden: 原形是forbid, 意思是禁止,不許,常見搭配:forbid sb to do sth,
The teacher forbids us to talk(說話) in the class.
 
B. allowed(***): 原形allow, 允許、準許某人做某事,allow sb to do sth, 如:
My boss(老板) doesn’t allow me to use(使用)the phone(電話).
  
C. permitted : vt 原形permit, 允許,許可,使某事有可能性,同義詞allow, let.
allow = permit = let

D. promoted(***): v 原形promote, 促進、增進、發(fā)揚、提升、請注意派生的名詞:promotion: 提升、促銷,提倡、贊助。

如:She worked hard and was promoted very soon. (她工作努力,很快獲得晉升。)
the organization(組織) works to promote(促進) friendship(友誼) between nations(兩國之間的).

我們可以一起來看一下教材中的一道題:

Smoking is not permitted in the office. (07教材37頁)

A. probable:形容詞,可能的,同義詞:possible 
B. possible:形容詞,可能的,同義詞:probable)
C. admitted:動詞,承認、允許某人進入,如:

1). The small window admits very little light(陽光).
2). I admitted I was wrong. (我承認我錯了。)
D. allowed = permitted

4.That guy(家伙,小伙子) is intelligent(聰明的), but a bit dull (沉悶的、乏味的、單調(diào)的). (answer: D)

A. strange:奇怪的、陌生的、不同尋常的,常見搭配:be strange to sth
he’s strange to the new work. (他對這新工作很不習慣。)
B. special:特殊的、特別的、專門的、額外的,如:special friend特別的朋友;special train專列;當名詞用時,特別的人或事物。
C. quiet:安靜的。Keep quiet!保持安靜!
D. boring:枯燥的、無趣的、單調(diào)的,請注意和它有關(guān)的其他同根詞:
bore: v使人感到乏味;bored: adj 感到乏味的;在口語中,有時說:
Long speech bores me to death. (冗長的演講把我煩死了。)

接下來,請看03年一道真題:

8. We all think(認為) that Mary’s husband(丈夫) is a very boring(乏味的) person.

A shy(害羞的)      B stupid(愚蠢的)
C dull(乏味的、無趣的、遲鈍的)  D selfish(自私的)
dull = boring = uninteresting

得出結(jié)論:有時間多做真題。只要是高頻核心詞,總會不厭其煩地出現(xiàn)在試卷上。

9.She is a highly (非常) successful (成功的)teacher. (answer: C)

A. fairly :adv 相當?shù)亍⒐降亍⑼耆兀话闩c褒義詞連用,如:
1). Your bedroom(臥室)is fairly tidy(整潔的). 

2). You are not treating(對待) us fairly(公平地).

B. rather : adv 相當?shù)兀嗯c貶義詞連用,如:it’s rather cold today. (今天相當?shù)乩洹?除此之外,常見搭配:would rather do A than do B:寧愿做A也不愿做B,如:
I would rather walk to school than take a bus. 
rather too:太。。。,如:English is rather too difficult for me.(英語對于我來說太難。)

rather than:不是,不要,如:I would like a cup of tea rather than coffee.
C. very: 非常   
D. moderately: adv 適度地、不過分地

補充:關(guān)于highly:高度地,非常,如:
his classmates speak highly of him. (他的同班同學對他高度評價。)
請見06年一道真題:

10. It is highly unlikely(不可能的) that she will arrive(到達) today
A. probably  B. very  C. hardly(否定副詞,幾乎不)  D. possibly

更多職稱英語等級考試信息請關(guān)注:

環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2009年職稱英語等級考試網(wǎng)上輔導方案
2002--2008年職稱英語等級考試歷年真題及答案匯總
百度職稱英語輔導

 

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