特別推薦：2014年成人英語三級保過套餐

　　Hyperinflation (極度通貨膨脹) is defined as an economic condition during which there is a steep increase in prices. In accordance with the laws of economics， three factors combine to create this condition. First， demand must be much greater than the supply of available goods. Second， the country must continuously create and thereby build up an ever increasing supply of money. Third， the governmental processes that are used to collect taxes must be crippled. Let‘s imagine a country where production is barely accomplishing its goal to keep up with demand. When this happens， the government should decrease the salaries of the workers by raising taxes. But the government is powerless to collect the taxes， so it prints more money to compensate for(補償)the goods it must purchase. This new money goes to the workers who produced the goods： as a result， the people are not forced to give up certain things for a while ? they actually become richer. While this might appear to be a positive step， it is actually regressive. Every month the government is forced to print more and more money， thereby increasing its liabilities (債務) until it is destroyed. The only way to prevent total economic collapse in such a situation is for the government to increase taxes in a manner that is characterized by impartiality (公正) to everyone involved.

　　大意：主要是說明了經濟的的宏觀調控政策比如：調控市場供求關系。或是貨幣的發(fā)行來調節(jié)市場。

　　31. Which of the following might occur during hyperinflation?

　　A. A slight increase in prices.

　　B. Rapid growth of economy.

　　C. Decrease of workers‘ salary.

　　D. Soaring prices.

　　答案： D

　　解析： 細節(jié)題。文章的第一段的第1句increase in prices是物價飛漲的意思Soaring prices的意思和這是一樣的。

　　32. The author states that during hyperinflation ___.

　　A. goods appear to be overabundant.

　　B. the country has to supply more money.

　　C. government may become richer by collecting more taxes.

　　D. people are forced to give up certain things

　　答案： B

　　解析： 細節(jié)題。問題是通貨膨脹的時候應該用什么樣的貨幣政策，Second， the country must continuously create and thereby build up an ever increasing supply of money可以知道這道題的答案。

　　33. The passage implies that ___.

　　A. hyperinflation is just a passing phase in the economic development.

　　B. people could benefit a lot from hyperinflation.

　　C. hyperinflation is used by a government to raise taxes.

　　D. hyperinflation may cause the downfall of a government.

　　答案： D

　　解析： 推論題。文章的第7句可以知道，當出現(xiàn)通貨膨脹時候在稅收和商品的補償上政府要付出一定的代價。因而一定產生downfall下降的效應。

　　34. The word “regressive” probably means ___.

　　A. harmful. B. negative. C. going back. D. progressive

　　答案： B

　　解析： A是有害的C是倒退，D是進程的意思，B是否定的、反作用的意思，While this might appear to be a positive step， it is actually regressive.另外這是個轉折句關系，應該和positive相反。

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