成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)語(yǔ)法輔導(dǎo)：副詞功能的“連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)”
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這里要舉出一些例子，以證明“連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)”也可作副詞，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可以從五方面探討這問(wèn)題。
⒈和“When, while, before, after, since”等連用，表示“ 時(shí)間”，例如：
He scanned the newspaper while having breakfast.
Some students stammered when speaking in front of the teacher.
Wash your hands before eating your meals.
Return the book to me after reading it.
I have lost contact with Robi since leaving university.
⒉和“thus, thereby”連用，表示“結(jié)果”，例如：
All the necessary details are included, thus eliminating needless further correspondence.
John did not come along, thereby making it necessary for us to get someone else to replace him.
⒊和“though, although”連用，表示“讓步”，例如：
Though working day and night, the gambler still could not make enough money to pay off his debts.
Although answering all the questions in the test, Xiaogai did not get a good grade.
⒋和“even if, even though”連用，表示“條件”，例如：
Even if still functioning, the old machine would be of no great value.
Even though raining, we had to launch the campaign as planned.
⒌和“as if, as though”連用，表示“比較”，例如：
The man walked hurriedly, but suddenly stopped, as if remembering something.
Helen sat down in a quiet corner, as though waiting for someone to come.
就一般情況說(shuō)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作副詞用途時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)，就是句子的主語(yǔ)。但是如果分詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，它便要有自己的主語(yǔ)而形成獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(an absolute construction)，即：“主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)”。例如：
He stared at the approaching girl, his eyes widening.
All the participants having arrived, the chairman declared the meeting open.
必要時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)也可以和“with,without”等連用。例如：
With their breath running out, some weaker athletes had to stop playing.
In a quiet place like that, the villagers generally do as they wish, without anybody trying to bother about them.
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