2013年自考英語備考輔導(dǎo)：非謂語動(dòng)詞詳解（1）
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核心提示：非謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞可謂是語法項(xiàng)目考查的重點(diǎn)，那么非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查都有哪些特點(diǎn)，解答時(shí)又應(yīng)注意些什么呢?下面分析一下：1、非謂語動(dòng)詞考查特點(diǎn)1) 謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞的判斷對謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞區(qū)別的考查主要集中在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，如：All things ___ because of the snow...
非謂語動(dòng)詞
非謂語動(dòng)詞可謂是語法項(xiàng)目考查的重點(diǎn)，那么非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查都有哪些特點(diǎn)，解答時(shí)又應(yīng)注意些什么呢?下面分析一下：
1、非謂語動(dòng)詞考查特點(diǎn)
1) 謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞的判斷
對謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞區(qū)別的考查主要集中在獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，如：
All things ___ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.
A. had been canceled B. have been canceled
C. were canceled D. having been canceled
四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中有三個(gè)是謂語動(dòng)詞，只有D是非謂語動(dòng)詞，只要同學(xué)們能判斷出這里是非謂語動(dòng)詞做狀語，則不用考慮時(shí)態(tài)的問題，答案自明。
2) 謂語動(dòng)詞后不定式與動(dòng)名詞的選擇
謂語動(dòng)詞后接不定式還是接動(dòng)名詞也是三級(jí)語法測試中的一個(gè)題眼。如：
① I don't mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late.
A. you to delay making B. your delaying making
C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make
② Had I remembered ____ the windows, the thief would not have gotin.
A. to close B. closing
C. to have closed D. having closed
③ Your hair wants ______ . You'd better have it done tomorrow.
A. cut B. to cut C. cutting D. being cut
這類題涉及三個(gè)方面：
謂語動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)該接不定式還是動(dòng)名詞?
即可接不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)和意思上有何差別?
不定式與動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式還是用被動(dòng)形式?
3) 做定語的非謂語動(dòng)詞的選擇
從近幾年的考查情況來看，對做定語的非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查有兩種情況：
(1)對一般概念的考查，而不是固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語。如：
① The project ____ by the end of 2000, will expand the city's
telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.
A. accomplished B. being accomplished
C. to be accomplished D. having been accomplished
② If I correct someone, I will do it with so much good humor and
self-restraint as if I were the one ______.
A. to correct B. correcting
C. having been corrected D. being corrected
同學(xué)們只要掌握非謂語動(dòng)詞做定語的一般的規(guī)律,就可以判斷①題答案為C，②題答案為D。
(2)對固定結(jié)構(gòu)的考查，如：
① The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his
arguments in favor of the new theory.
A. to be based on B. to base on
C. which to base on D. on which to base
② The pressure _____ causes Americans to be energetic, but it
also puts them under a constant emotional strain.
A. to compete B. competing
C. to be competed D. having competed
①題為不定式做定語的固定形式，答案為D，②題為某些特定名詞的定語結(jié)構(gòu)，答案為A。在英語中有些名詞，如動(dòng)詞變來的名詞，形容詞變來的名詞，以及means, way, time, moment, reason等要求其后用不定式做定語，不定式?jīng)]有體的變化。
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