2013年自考英語一基礎語法重點輔導（四）
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動名詞的時態和語態基本形同分詞的時態和語態
分詞
狀語 When I saw the film， I felt sad = Seeing the film， I felt sad.
Because it is Sunday today， we have no school.
It being Sunday， we have no school.轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol.com
When the job was finished， we went home straight away.
The job finished， we went home straight away.
定語 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.
=The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine.
The used car. A broken cup the question involved.
表語 The film is exciting. All the windows are broken.
賓補 I found them watering flowers.( I found that they were watering flowers.
I found the flowers watered. ( I found the flowers watered)
分詞的時態和語態 .( 形同動名詞 )
doing (being) being done
having done having been done
______nothing to say， the boy shield way form the crowd.
A. Having B. Have C Had. D. Having being
What developed was a music readily taking ( take) on various forms.
Not having got (not get) enough hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task.
非謂語動詞答題要點
1. Anyone wanting (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.
2 . A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted (convict)of murder.
3. As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals used ( use) in experiments may decrease.
Not have got (not， get)enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task .
It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control ( control) his direction.
As I'll be away for a year ， I'd appreciate hearing (hear)from you now and then .
Object to ， confess to ， look forward to + doing.轉自環 球 網 校edu24ol.com
介詞 + doing.
If I had remembered ―― the window， the thief would not have got in.
a. to close b. closing c. to have close d. having closed.
Begin， start， intend， continue to do， doing 的區別不大
The baby began crying. The baby began to cry.
Try to do. 努力去做 Try doing 嘗試去做 .
I was very tired. I tired to keep my eyes open， but I couldn't.
I can't find anywhere to live.
______， they began to get down to business. A. The holidays being over B. The holidays are over C. The holidays were over D. The holidays had been over
V+ing 及從句 的固定用法
It's no use doing sth.
It's no use worrying about it. There's nothing you can do.
It's (not) worth doing sth.
Have difficulty doing sth.
Spend time (in) doing sth.
There is no doubt that.
強調句
強調主語 It is I that/who am to blame
2. 強調直接賓語 It was a glass that Mary broke.
3. 強調間接賓語 It was him that I gave the pen to.
4. 強調介詞賓語 It is this room that I am living in.
5. 強調狀語 1) 時間狀語 It was last year that Tom graduated from high school.
2) 地點狀語 It was under the bridge that we found him.
3) 原因狀語 It was for his arrogance that I dislike him.
4) 目的狀語 It was for pleasure that I read it.
不僅可以是陳述句 ， 還可以是疑問句和感嘆句 .
Was it you that/who lost a watch yesterday What great progress it was that you made.
強調句可以是一個從句 ， 被強調的部分也可以是從句 .
I was told that it was because he hadn't received the invitation that he didn't come
It was there， the police believe，――she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.
A. that B.until C. which D. when
見某些形容詞要虛擬
Urgent， necessary， important， possible， essential， incredible， natural， ridiculous， vital， imperative， crucial， critical， proper， compulsory， etc.
形容詞帶的從句 ： It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.
主語從句 ： It is decided that the meeting (should) be postponed.
賓語從句 ： He insisted that his daughter (should) come.
表語從句 ： The doctor's advice is that the patient (should) be kept quiet.
同位語從句 ： He gave order that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained.
考題 ： They demanded that the right to vote――(give) to every adult person. [(should) be given]
For a child to give up less mature idea for a more sophisticate one， it requires that the child ____ psychologically ready for the new idea.
A.is B.be C.were D.would be
第一類型虛擬語氣 B
見某些形容詞要虛擬
Urgent， necessary， important， possible， essential， incredible， natural， ridiculous， vital， imperative， crucial， critical， proper， compulsory， etc.
形容詞帶的從句 ： It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.
主語從句 ： It is decided that the meeting (should) be postponed.
賓語從句 ： He insisted that his daughter (should) come.
表語從句 ： The doctor's advice is that the patient (should) be kept quiet.
同位語從句 ： He gave order that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained.
考題 ： They demanded that the right to vote――(give) to every adult person. [(should) be given]
For a child to give up less mature idea for a more sophisticate one， it requires that the child ____ psychologically ready for the new idea.
A.is B.be C.were D.would be
第二類型 ： if 的非真實條件句 ( 可能性小或沒有可能 )
注意 ： if 可以引導真實條件句 ， 多是條件狀語從句 .
第二類型虛擬語氣 ( 時態到推的概念 )
第二類型虛擬語氣舉例省略 if 的倒裝
were， had ， should.
If the doctor had been available， the child would have been saved.
Had the doctor been available， the child would have been saved.
考題 ：
_____for your help， I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and tensions.
A. Had it not been B. not been C. Without being D. not having been
特殊虛擬
Even if 形式上與 if 相同
Wish 形式上大體與 if 從句相同
從句謂語與 Wish 同時 Wish+ 主語 +V.ed/were
I wish I were as young as you.
從句謂語發生 Wish 之前 多用 Wish+ 主語 +had done(been)
I wish that he had not made so much trouble.
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